Globally, the burden of cardiovascular disease among people under 20 years declined from 1990 to 2019, with disability-adjusted life years decreasing by an average annual percent change of -2.17%.
Observational
The burden of cardiovascular disease among individuals under 20 years old has significantly declined globally from 1990 to 2019, particularly for stroke and environmental/occupational risk factors.
Effect estimate: AAPC -2.17% (95% CI -2.24% to -2.09%)
p-value: p=<0.001
Objectives Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a global public health concern, but its disease burden and trend have been poorly studied in people younger than 20 years. This study aimed to fill this gap by evaluating the CVD burden and trend in China, Western Pacific Region, and the world from 1990 to 2019. Methods We applied the 2019 Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) analytical tools to compare the incidence, mortality, and prevalence of CVD, years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) among people younger than 20 years from 1990 to 2019 in China, the Western Pacific Region, and the world. The trends of disease burden between 1990 and 2019 evaluated using the average annual percent change (AAPC) and the 95% uncertainty interval (UI) were reported. Results Globally, in 2019, there were 2.37 (95% UI: 1.82 to 3.05) million incidence of CVD, 16.85 (95% UI: 12.56 to 22.03) million prevalence of CVD, and 74386.73 (95% UI: 64543.82 to 86310.24) deaths due to CVD among people under 20 years of age. The trends for DALYs decreased among children and adolescents in China, Western Pacific Region, and the world (AAPC = −4.29, 95% CI: −4.38% to −4.20%; AAPC = −3.37, 95% CI: −3.48% to −3.26%; AAPC = −2.17, 95% CI: −2.24% to −2.09%; p 0.001, respectively) between 1990 and 2019. With the increase in age, the AAPC values of mortality, YLLs, and DALYs showed a notable downward trend. The AAPC values of mortality, YLLs, and DALYs in female patients were significantly greater than those in male patients. For all subtypes of CVD, the AAPC values showed a downward trend, with the largest reduction observed for stroke. From 1990 to 2019, a decline in the DALY rate for all CVD risk factors was observed, with a significant decrease in environmental/occupational risk factors. Conclusion Our study shows a decline in the burden and trend of CVD among people younger than 20 years, which reflects the success in reducing disability, premature death, and the early incidence of CVD. More effective and targeted preventive policies and interventions aimed at mitigating preventable CVD burden and addressing risk factors from childhood are urgently needed.
Zhang et al. (Wed,) conducted a observational in Cardiovascular diseases. Globally, the burden of cardiovascular disease among people under 20 years declined from 1990 to 2019, with disability-adjusted life years decreasing by an average annual percent change of -2.17%.