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The path loss model for indoor emergency stairs has yet to get enough attention in the literature. Large-scale (LS) path loss models for a stairwell in a 10-stair academic building are the focus of this investigation. We measured the received power with three different links with sophisticated devices and preprocessed it to find the path loss. LS empirical models can be used to determine the path loss in closed environments as the LS models yield the path loss without considering the details of the environmental configurations. Therefore, this study finds LS models—close-in (CI), alpha-beta (AB), and close-in with a frequency-weighted path loss exponent (CIF), alpha-beta-gamma (ABG), when identifying the best LS models from the measured dataset. The parameters of LS models were justified by validating with the previously reported parameters. The path loss exponents extracted from the measured dataset were slightly lower than those reported in the previous investigations. The AB model showed the minimum standard deviations for the three measurement scenarios of the four LS models studied.
Samad et al. (Sun,) studied this question.