Quantum Machine Learning in Healthcare: Developments and Challenges

Machine learning is playing a very significant role to process voluminous data and its classification in a variety of domains. Due to better performance and rapid development in the last decade, quantum computing is also benefiting many areas. With the amalgamation of these two technologies, a new domain for processing big data more efficiently and accurately has evolved, known as quantum machine learning. Healthcare is one of the prominent domains where a huge volume of data is produced from several processes. Efficient processing of healthcare data and records is very important to facilitate many biological and medical processes to provide better treatments to patients. The fundamental aim of this paper is to present a state-of-the-art review of quantum computing concepts, quantum machine learning framework, and the various applications of quantum machine learning in the domain of healthcare. The comparison of QML healthcare models with ML-based healthcare applications is discussed in this work. The authors also present the various challenges faced in the deployment of quantum machine learning algorithms in the domain of healthcare and possible future research directions.