Synthesis, properties, and applications of doped and undoped CuO and Cu2O nanomaterials

Over the years copper(II) oxide or cupric oxide (CuO) and copper(I) oxide or cuprous oxide (Cu 2 O) nanoparticles have generated a great deal of interest in scientific studies. CuO and Cu 2 O nanoparticles have been created using a variety of processes, including electrodeposition , metallic sputtering, hydrothermal, thermal decomposition, reactive radio frequency magnetron sputtering method, wet chemical, aqueous precipitation, co-precipitation, s uccessive i onic l ayer a dsorption and r eaction method, combustion method, reactive magnetron sputtering , and spray pyrolysis . This review discusses how the synthesis methods affect the nanomaterials' sizes, morphologies, and shapes. The conditions and methods employed to create the CuO and Cu 2 O nanoparticles directly affect how they behave. CuO nanoparticles have exceptional antibacterial, antioxidant , and dye degradation photocatalytic capabilities. Compared to gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria can be eliminated more quickly by green CuO nanostructures. CuO and CuO:Zn nanoparticles have the potential to be employed as antibacterial agents in biotechnological and agricultural fields, and the utilization of CuO spindles as photocatalysts for industrial wastewater treatment is possible. High-performance glucose sensors use CuO nanoparticles. The bandgap of optimized Cu 2 O films is 2.34 eV, making them suitable for solar cell applications. Although, solar cell applications can use thicker films , charge transfer applications are best served by thinner films with a thickness of less than 100 nm. A Cu 2 O film can be used as a substrate layer for semiconductor thin films made using the chemical bath deposition process as well as an electrochromic material to boost the adherence of the second layer to glass substrates.