Advances and perspectives in collaborative robotics: a review of key technologies and emerging trends

Abstract This review paper provides a literature survey of collaborative robots, or cobots, and their use in various industries. Cobots have gained popularity due to their ability to work with humans in a safe manner. The paper covers different aspects of cobots, including their design, control strategies, safety features, and human–robot interaction. The paper starts with a brief history and evolution of cobots, followed by a review of different control strategies and Safety features such as collision detection and avoidance, and safety-rated sensors are also examined. Further to this, a systematic review of Ergonomics is also taken into account. Additionally, the paper explores the challenges and opportunities presented by cobot’s technology, including the need for standards and regulations, the impact on employment, and the potential benefits to industry. The latest research in human–robot interaction is also discussed. Finally, the paper highlights current limitations of cobot’s technology and the need for further research to address technical and ethical challenges. This synthesis document is an invaluable resource for both academics and professionals interested while developing and application of cobot’s technology.