Excitatory music significantly decreased heart rate variability, including a reduction in SDNN from 47.3 to 38.31 ms, indicating a prominent decrease in parasympathetic activity.
Cross-Sectional (n=42)
Randomized order of sound presentation
No
Does auditory stimulation with different sounds alter linear and nonlinear heart rate variability indices in human subjects?
42 subjects
Listening to four sounds (white noise, road traffic noise, excitatory music, and a lullaby) for 5 minutes
5 minutes of rest prior to listening
Linear and nonlinear heart rate variability (HRV) indices (SDNN, RMSSD, HF, LF, ApEn, SampEn, D2, SD1, SD2, alpha1, alpha2, Lmean, Lmax, DET, LAM, Vmax, TT, ShanEn)surrogate
Excitatory music significantly alters autonomic nervous system activity as measured by linear and nonlinear heart rate variability indices, whereas white noise, traffic noise, and lullabies do not.
Absolute Event Rate: 38.31% vs 47.3%
p-value: p=<0.01
Background: Although it is known that sound exposure evokes changes in autonomic activity, the effects of noise and music on the nonlinear behavior of heart rate fluctuations remain poorly understood and controversial. This study aims to assess the influence of sound subjective emotional valence and arousal on the nonlinear characteristics of the autonomic nervous system during passive listening. Methods: In this study, 42 subjects listened to four sounds: (1) white noise, (2) road traffic noise, (3) excitatory music, and (4) a lullaby. The experiment consisted of two consecutive sessions: 5 minutes of rest, followed by 5 minutes of listening. RR intervals were recorded during both sessions. The following linear and nonlinear heart rate variability (HRV) indices were computed: Standard deviation of NN (SDNN), The root mean square of successive differences between normal heartbeats (RMSSD), F, high frequency (HF), approximate entropy (ApEn) and sample entropy (SampEn), correlation dimension (D2), Poincaré plot indices (SD1, SD2), fractal scaling exponents (alpha1, alpha2), and recurrence plot indices (mean line length Lmean, maximum line length Lmax, determinism DET, laminarity LAM, maximal vertical length Vmax, trapping time TT, Shannon entropy of line length distribution ShanEn). Results: Excitatory music was associated with a significant decrease in SDNN (from 47.3 ± 3.59 to 38.31 ± 3.16, P < 0.01), RMSSD (from 51.07 ± 4.75 to 42.53 ± 3.9, P < 0.05), HF (from 1516.26 ± 245.74 to 884.07 ± 183.44, P < 0.001), and low frequency (LF; from 973.33 ± 176.09 to 760.28 ± 150.35, P < 0.05). Excitatory music exposure induced significant increases in DET (P < 0.01), SD1 (P < 0.05), and SD2 (P < 0.05), but changes in detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA), SampEn, and D2 were nonsignificant. Traffic noise, white noise, and the lullaby did not cause significant changes in the measures of HRV. Conclusion: Presentation of excitatory music that evokes strong negative emotions elicits a prominent decrease in respiratory sinus arrhythmia. Poincaré plot and recurrence plot measures possess high sensitivity to excitatory music. Contrary to previous studies, we did not find the effects of relaxing music on HRV.
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Dmitri Dimitriev
Chuvash State Pedagogical University
Olga Indeykina
Weatherford College
Aleksey D. Dimitriev
Russian University of Cooperation
Noise and Health
Russian University of Cooperation
Chuvash State Pedagogical University
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Dimitriev et al. (Sat,) conducted a cross-sectional in Healthy subjects (n=42). Auditory stimulation (excitatory music) vs. Rest (baseline) was evaluated on Standard deviation of NN intervals (SDNN) (p=<0.01). Excitatory music significantly decreased heart rate variability, including a reduction in SDNN from 47.3 to 38.31 ms, indicating a prominent decrease in parasympathetic activity.
synapsesocial.com/papers/6a0fea062badbc352afef286 — DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/nah.nah_15_22