What differences exist between the lead and trail wrist in extensor carpi ulnaris activity and golf swing joint kinematics in sub-elite golfers?

< 0.024) phases. There were statistically different tri-planar movement patterns between the lead and trail wrist throughout all three phases of the golf swing. No significant relationships were found between downswing EMG data and clubhead kinematics at impact. In conclusion, differing wrist kinematics and associated muscle activity may contribute to the asymmetrical injury pattern seen clinically.