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This research was motivated by the need for more application of physical education learning models in the form of games, especially in volleyball learning. It is known that many students feel bored and unenthusiastic when taking volleyball lessons. Apart from that, students find it difficult and are not mentally prepared to carry out volleyball techniques; as a result, they feel anxious or afraid when doing these techniques in front of other friends. This experimental type of research aims to determine the effect of mental training and playing circuits-based training programs on the learning outcomes of elementary school volleyball students. This study included 22 fifth-grade students in class 5a and 22 in class 5b. The sampling technique used is called purposive sampling. The test instrument used was a pre-test and post-test of volleyball skills based on the value of quantity and quality determined by volleyball experts. The paired t-test was used to analyze the data. Data analysis revealed that mental training-based training programs and playing circuits affected the learning outcomes of volleyball for elementary school students at Sekolah Dasar Pembangunan Laboratorium Universitas Negeri Padang. The data found an average value of 64.09 before being given a pre-test of basic volleyball technical skills. The final (post-test) test of students' basic volleyball skills after using mental training and playing a circuit-based training program yielded an average score of 68.68, equating to a 4.68 increase. The learning model based on mental training and playing sequences can improve basic volleyball technical skills and increase students' self-confidence and motivation when participating in learning.
Astuti et al. (Mon,) studied this question.