MRI brain tumor detection using deep learning and machine learning approaches

The development of aberrant brain cells, some of which may become cancerous, is known as a brain tumour. The quality of life and life expectancy of patients are enhanced by early and timely illness identification and treatment plans. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans are the most common approach for finding brain tumors. However, the ability of radiologists and other clinical experts to identify, segment, and remove contaminated tumour regions from MRI images is a critical factor in a process that is iterative and labor-intensive and relies on those individuals' abilities in these areas. Concepts for image processing may envision the diverse human organ anatomical structures. It is difficult to find abnormal brain regions using simple imaging methods. Over the last several years, interest in the emerging machine learning field of “Deep Learning (DL)" has grown significantly. It was extensively used in numerous applications and shown to be an effective Machine Learning (ML) technique for many of the challenging issues. This research suggests a novel MRI brain tumour detection method based on DL and ML. Initially the MRI images are collected and preprocessed using Adaptive Contrast Enhancement Algorithm (ACEA) and median filter. Fuzzy c-means based segmentation is done to segment the preprocessed images. The features like energy, mean, entropy and contrast are extracted using Gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM). The abnormal tissues are classified using the proposed Ensemble Deep Neural Support Vector Machine (EDN-SVM) classifier. The numerical findings reveal a better accuracy (97.93 %), sensitivity (92 %), and specificity (98 %) in recognizing aberrant and normal tissue from brain MRIimages, which supports the effectiveness of the approach that was recommended.