Urbanization and Its Impact on Environmental Sustainability

Purpose: The main objective of this study was to assess urbanization and its impact on environmental sustainability. Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. Findings: The findings revealed that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to urbanization and its impact on environmental sustainability. The study highlighted the environmental challenges posed by rapid urbanization, including habitat loss, resource consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and environmental justice issues. However, it also underscores the potential for sustainable urban planning and innovative solutions to mitigate these challenges. To achieve environmental sustainability in urban areas, the study suggests the need for equitable development policies, resource-efficient technologies, and conservation efforts. Overall, the findings emphasize the importance of addressing the complex relationship between urbanization and the environment to ensure a sustainable future for urban populations and ecosystems. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Urban Ecology Theory, Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) theory and the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) may be used to anchor future studies on urbanization and environmental sustainability. The study recommended that to promote environmental sustainability amidst rapid urbanization, comprehensive urban planning, embracing clean and renewable energy sources, improving water management and sanitation, and fostering environmental education and awareness are essential. Implementing these recommendations can lead to more eco-friendly cities with reduced resource consumption, lower pollution levels, and engaged, environmentally conscious communities, ultimately benefiting both present and future generations.