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This study explored the effects of family factors on students' learning engagement at home and at school. A total of 2,476 valid questionnaire (94.61%) responses were collected from students (M age = 21, SD = 2.83) and their parents (M age = 41.57, SD = 4.54). The analyses were done by SPSS, PROCESS macro, and JASP software. Results indicated that learning engagement at home partially mediated the effects of family factors on learning engagement at school. Mother's education level had stronger positive and significant effect than the father's education level. To enhance students' learning engagement at school, various family factors (parent-teacher communication) must be addressed.
Fute et al. (Tue,) studied this question.