A Prospective Study of Sentinel Node Biopsy Omission in Women Age ≥ 65 Years with ER+ Breast Cancer

Abstract Background National guidelines recommend omitting SNB in older patients with favorable invasive breast cancer. However, there is a lack of prospective data specifically addressing this issue. This study evaluates recurrence and survival in estrogen receptor-positive/Her2− (ER+) breast cancer patients, aged ≥ 65 years who have breast-conserving surgery (BCS) without SNB. Methods This is a prospective, observational study at a single institution where 125 patients aged ≥ 65 years with clinical T1-2N0 ER+ invasive breast cancer undergoing BCS were enrolled. Patients were treated with BCS without SNB. Primary outcome measure was axillary recurrence. Secondary outcome measures include recurrence-free survival (RFS), disease-free survival (DFS), breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS), and overall survival (OS). Results From January 2016 to July 2022, 125 patients were enrolled with median follow-up of 36.7 months 95% confidence interval (CI) 35.0–38.0. Median age was 77.0 years (range 65–93). Median tumor size was 1 cm (range 0.1–5.0). Most tumors were ductal (95/124, 77.0%), intermediate grade (60/116, 51.7%), and PR-positive (117/123, 91.7%). Radiation therapy was performed in 37 of 125 (29.6%). Only 60 of 125 (48.0%) who were recommended hormonal therapy were compliant at 2 years. Chemotherapy was administered to six of 125 (4.8%) patients. There were two of 125 (1.6%) axillary recurrences. Estimated 3-years rates of regional RFS, DFS, and OS were 98.2%, 91.2%, and 94.8%, respectively. Univariate Cox regression identified hormonal therapy noncompliance to be significantly associated with recurrence ( p = 0.02). Conclusions Axillary recurrence rates were extremely low in this cohort. These results provide prospective data to support omission of SNB in this patient population Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT02564848.