Synergistic Antibacterial Action of Iron, Silver, and Vanadium Ternary Oxide Nanoparticles: Green Mediated Synthesis Using Tailored Plant Extract Blends

This study explores a green approach in nanotechnology, synthesizing PVP-capped Gum Arabic emulsified ternary oxides of Fe–Ag–V nanoparticles using a blend of mushroom, guava, and plantain peel extracts. The nanoparticles acquired displayed irregular shapes and distinctive clustered patterns, as observed via scanning electron microscopy. An analysis using dynamic light scattering revealed a narrow size distribution, showcasing an average diameter of 291.6 nm and a polydispersity index of 0.137. The nanoparticles displayed exceptional inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus, demonstrating a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 0.3125 mg/ml and a Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of 1.25 mg/ml. While the MIC and MBC values for other bacterial strains were slightly higher, the nanoparticles exhibited significant inhibitory actions, showcasing their potential in managing a spectrum of bacterial infections. These findings highlight their substantial potential at low concentrations, suggesting promising applications in diverse fields. This study represents a significant advancement in nanoparticle technology, offering a sustainable approach and valuable insights into their versatile applications. The nanoparticles' multifaceted nature and strong antimicrobial capabilities position them as transformative tools in biomedicine, catalysis, and beyond, ushering in a new era of innovative solutions for real-world challenges.