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Background. Few studies have mobilised interdisciplinary approaches to study the factors associated with daily mobility in a multi-level perspective.Objective. To investigate individual, sociodemographic and mobility-related factors of active and sustainable mobility (walking and biking, public transportation and carpooling)., and to identify factors that are specific to the local area.Methods. Based on a mixed-methods design, we conducted an online survey (N=538, 54.83% of women), three focus groups (n=9, 3 women), and eight individual interviews (5 women). The survey assessed the percentage of active mobility during a typical week, and examined mobility-related (e.g., main travel motive, density of residence), sociodemographic (gender, number of children under 12 years), and individual (intention towards active mobility, green identity) levers and obstacles to active and sustainable mobility using multiple linear regressions. Interviews and focus groups were carried with experts in mobility and car drivers intending to reduce their car use and living in Grenoble Metropolitan Area (France) to further understand levers and obstacles specific to this area. Qualitative data was analysed using a reflexive thematic analysis.Results. The quantitative study highlighted that mobility-related (having a transport pass, doing trips for leisure or volunteer activities), sociodemographic (having children of 12 years and older), and individual ones (attitudes towards the car, active mobility habits, perceived physical health) were independently associated to active and sustainable mobility. So far, no significant interactions between these factors were observed. The qualitative study highlighted some Grenoble metropolitan area’s specific mobility-related factors such as the fact of living in the mountains as being an obstacle to active and sustainable mobility.Conclusions. Active and sustainable mobility was related to individual, sociodemographic and mobility-related levers and obstacles. The results indicate the importance of studying behaviour as the result of a complex system composed of factors from multiple levels, and the importance of using a national and a local sample to better identify local levers and obstacles.
Teran‐Escobar et al. (Tue,) studied this question.