Universal quantum computing with qubits embedded in trapped-ion qudits

Recent developments in qudit-based quantum computing, in particular with trapped ions, open interesting possibilities for scaling quantum processors without increasing the number of physical information carriers. Here, we propose a method for compiling quantum circuits in the case, where qubits are embedded into qudits of experimentally relevant dimensionalities, d=3,. . . , 8, for the trapped-ion platform. In particular, we demonstrate how single-qubit, two-qubit, and multiqubit gates can be realized using single-qudit operations and the Mlmer-Srensen (MS) gate as a basic two-particle operation. We expect that our findings are directly applicable to the current generation of trapped-ion-based qudit processors.