AI-Driven Predictive Analytics in Agricultural Supply Chains: A Review: Assessing the Benefits and Challenges of AI in Forecasting Demand and Optimizing Supply in Agriculture

This study provides a comprehensive review of the integration and impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in agricultural supply chains, focusing on its role in enhancing demand forecasting and optimizing supply. The primary objective was to assess how AI-driven predictive analytics transforms agricultural practices, addressing challenges, and shaping future trends. A systematic literature review and content analysis methodology were employed, utilizing academic databases and digital libraries to source peer-reviewed articles and conference papers published between 2014 and 2024. The inclusion criteria focused on studies related to AI applications in agricultural supply chains, while exclusion criteria filtered out non-peer-reviewed and irrelevant literature. Key findings reveal that AI significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of demand forecasting and supply chain operations in agriculture. AI technologies, including machine learning and big data analytics, have led to advancements in real-time data analysis, predictive maintenance, and resource optimization. However, challenges such as data quality, infrastructure development, and skill gaps among agricultural professionals persist. The future landscape of AI in agriculture is marked by growth opportunities and challenges, including the need for equitable AI technology access and ethical considerations. The study recommends that industry leaders and policymakers invest in infrastructure, promote AI research and development, and provide training to facilitate AI adoption. Future research should focus on developing robust AI models tailored to agriculture, exploring AI's integration with emerging technologies, and assessing AI's long-term socio-economic impacts. This study contributes to understanding AI's current applications and future potential in transforming agricultural supply chains, offering valuable insights for stakeholders in the agricultural sector. Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Agricultural Supply Chains, Predictive Analytics, Demand Forecasting.