Visualising a framework for enhancing material circularity in building construction projects: Drivers, barriers, and strategies

Material circularity offers a novel perspective for industrial ecosystems, emphasising the reintegration of materials and products into the supply chain as valuable resources. This approach leads to a reduction in primary resource consumption and waste generation. Nevertheless, the incorporation of material circularity within the construction sector is hindered by barriers, necessitating careful analysis and practical solutions. Therefore, a clear roadmap with practical strategies that promote material circularity is needed. This study aims to identify the drivers, barriers, and strategies, concurrently formulating a framework to enhance material circularity in building construction projects. A sequential qualitative-quantitative mixed methods approach was employed to achieve this aim, which involved a literature review, 19 expert interviews, and two questionnaire surveys, which collectively yielded 230 responses. A literature review and expert interviews identified drivers, barriers, and strategies for implementing material circularity practices. Subsequently, using a five-point Likert scale, the first survey measured the importance of drivers and barriers. Then, the second survey was conducted to align strategies with corresponding barriers to enhance material circularity practices effectively. The results of the study indicated that cost savings primarily drive the adoption of material circularity. The most significant barrier was the underdeveloped marketplace for secondary products. The government plays a crucial role in addressing various barriers by implementing key strategies, including the introduction of regulations, policies, and economic incentives to promote material circularity. Finally, an evidence-based framework is proposed to assist practitioners and policymakers in creating a roadmap for implementing circular economy practices.