Pyogenic granuloma of oral and maxillofacial region

Abstract Background A pyogenic granuloma (PG) represents a swiftly proliferating benign vascular tumor situated in the skin or subcutaneous tissue, commonly observed as a reactive lesion in the orofacial area. Causative factors encompass injuries, medications, calculus, infections, and hormonal changes. Typically manifesting in the period spanning the second ten years of life, it presents as an exophytic smooth lesion prone to bleeding upon simple probing. Objectives This research intended to scrutinize the clinicopathological characteristics of pyogenic granulomas in the oral and maxillofacial region. Methods Seventy participants, comprising 24 men (33%) and 48 women (67%), underwent surgical ablation of pyogenic granuloma in oral and maxillofacial regions utilizing 940nm and 980nm diode lasers. Standard tissue processing procedures were applied to all specimens, with subsequent slicing of paraffin-embedded blocks at a 5µm thickness for H & E staining. A microscopic examination via light microscopy was conducted on all slides to confirm the diagnosis. Results All cases underwent pyogenic granuloma surgical laser ablation, with 53 individuals (74%) aged 30 years or younger, 19 (26%) aged 30 years or more, 52 (72%) have duration less than six months,, and 20 (28%) have a six months or more. Conclusions Pyogenic granuloma emerges as a prevalent reactive lesion in the oral and maxillofacial domain. The diode laser demonstrates utility in oral and facial soft tissue surgery owing to its facile application, enhanced coagulation, avoidance of suturing, reduced swelling and pain, and its capacity for esthetically favorable outcomes, encompassing superior de-epithelialization, absence of bleeding, and improved repair. The roles of surgeons and pathologists are pivotal in diagnosing and treating pyogenic granuloma in oral and maxillofacial regions.