Two out of five babies are born through c-section in Bangladesh: an urgent call for healthcare policy reforms

Abstract Background Caesarean delivery plays a significant role in reducing both maternal and child mortality rates. However, overuse of this method can have negative health consequences. This study aimed to provide evidence-based recommendations for healthcare policy reform using the Bangladesh Sample Vital Statistics 2022 report from the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS). Methods This study utilized secondary data from the Sample Vital Registration System (SVRS) 2022 obtained from the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS). The SVRS, established in 1980, collects data on vital events, such as births, deaths, marriages, and migrations, providing crucial demographic indicators for policy and research. Access to SVRS 2022 data was obtained from the official BBS website, focusing specifically on cesarean deliveries recorded in Bangladesh in 2022. The statistical analysis employed Descriptive statistics, including frequencies and percentages, were used to summarize cesarean delivery rates, geographic location, healthcare facility type, education level, and wealth quintile. Results Two out of five babies are currently born through cesarean section in Bangladesh, posing significant maternal and child health concerns. Most of the c-section cases (85%) occurred in private health facilities. The findings of this study revealed variations in delivery methods across different regions and settings. While rural areas predominantly see normal deliveries, city corporation areas exhibit a higher prevalence of cesarean section. The study also highlights disparities in delivery methods based on factors such as geographic location, healthcare facility type, education level, and the wealth quintile. Conclusion In conclusion, the Bangladesh Sample Vital Statistics 2022 report underscores the diverse landscape of childbirth practices across different regions and socioeconomic strata within the country. The significant prevalence of cesarean sections in urban areas, particularly in private healthcare facilities, suggests potential overutilization of this intervention. Addressing these disparities and ensuring appropriate access to obstetric care aligned with evidence-based practices are crucial for promoting maternal and infant health outcomes in Bangladesh, and future research, capacity building, collaboration with NGS, and other private sectors are crucial for tailored interventions and sustainable solutions.