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The increasing deployment of renewable energy sources (RES) in distribution circuits emphasizes the importance of smart grids, utilizing distributed generation (DG), control actuation, and communication technologies. Among these technologies, distributed photo-voltaic (PV) systems significantly impact reactive power injection at the root node, necessitating control of sub-station power factor. This paper presents a simple and effective control strategy for achieving reactive compensation and power demand control in medium-voltage distribution circuits. The proposed strategy utilizes a discrete-time control law to distribute reactive power injection between the sub-station and DG units, while also regulating overall power demand through electrolytic hydrogen production and fuel cell injection. Unlike traditional local approaches, this solution addresses the problem globally, allowing installed hardware to achieve consensus on compensation needs for the entire circuit and enhance predictability of aggregated power demand. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is supported by a mathematical proof of the closed-loop system's convergence. Performance evaluation is conducted through a case study on a 116-node distribution circuit with significant RES presence. The study demonstrates the efficient regulation of reactive power and power demand achieved by the proposed control strategy in distribution circuits with high RES penetration. This contribution is instrumental in integrating and managing renewable energy sources within the grid, ensuring stability and reliability.
Miguel Parada Contzen (Fri,) studied this question.