Cybersecurity risks in libraries: Why universities libraries in African need to promote cyberethical practices

Cybersecurity in university libraries, particularly in Africa, is an increasingly critical issue. The technological expansion and adoption in university libraries have heightened the risk of cybercrimes, necessitating a focus on cyberethical practices. The paper has indicated that academic libraries may face threats such as line tapping, improper system processing, and the use of malicious software. These threats bear significant consequences, such as the potential loss of sensitive data, damage to reputation, and financial losses. It is imperative for academic libraries in Nigeria to adopt proactive measures in implementing cyberethics strategies. Such strategies are essential for safeguarding against intellectual property theft, cybercrime, and other ethical concerns associated with the use of technology. The paper therefore examines cybersecurity risks in African university libraries and the need to promote cyberethical practices. The paper employed a qualitative research method based on the explanatory research method. In so doing, the use of a systematic literature review was adopted to examine cybersecurity risks in African university libraries and the imperative to promote cyberethical practices. Using a purposive sampling technique, the authors collected articles published between 2015 and 2023 on databases of Emerald and ResearchGate for the review. The findings of the research illuminate the multifaceted nature of cybersecurity risks, encompassing issues such as malware attacks, phishing, ransomware, and identity theft. These risks, if unaddressed, can lead to severe consequences, including intellectual property theft, reputational damage, and financial losses. Importantly, the study concludes that the increased use of the internet and digital resources has heightened the urgency for African university libraries to actively promote cyberethical practices. The study recommends that African university libraries should prioritize cybersecurity education for both staff and users, libraries must develop and regularly update comprehensive cyberethics policies that address the unique challenges faced in the African context and libraries should explore avenues for improving their technological infrastructure. Investments in advanced security systems, regular software updates, and the adoption of emerging technologies will strengthen their resilience against cyber threats.