Optimal power management in microgrid using dual DG with under voltage load shedding considering various load models

The growing demand for electricity and the distance between the power plants and the loads pose a threat to voltage stability and the equilibrium between supply and demand. The system also experiences significant losses in distribution networks and extreme strain on transmission lines. The reliance of the generation on fossil fuels, on the other hand, poses a future issue in terms of shortage as well as the rise in environmental contaminants. The idea of a microgrid is one of the creative ways to combine dispersed energy sources and the utility grid and manage them as a single system. Microgrid may boost system dependability, improve the distribution network, and lessen the strain on the transmission lines. Distributed generator (DG) is put directly in the load center distribution network or at the distribution network. The voltage profile of the system will be improved and overall power losses can be decreased with the help of optimal DG allocation. This paper presents a method for optimally siting and sizing distributed generation (DG) units in a microgrid by binary particle swarm optimization. The DOLPHIN optimization algorithm (DOA) utilizes under voltage load shedding (UVLS). The Direct Backward Forward Sweep Method (DBFSM) depicts the practical load flow technique suited in radial distribution system (RDS), as it's utilized to display the voltage profile and total losses of each node with and without DG and load shed. Four load models were used (normal, constant current, constant impedance, and ZIP model) with comparisons between them. The RDS of the typical IEEE-33 bus is simulated using MATLAB programming.