Upregulatory action of antioxidative genes potentiates Capsicum chinense Jacq as an antidiabetic functional food evident in biochemical, histopathological, and network pharmacological impacts

This research characterized the organic extracts of Capsicum chinense by GCMS and LCMS analyses and investigated their antidiabetic potentials in a fructose-fed streptozotocin (STZ)-induced model. The organic extracts were found to display a promising in vitro inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase and in vivo decrease of serum glucose levels, ALP, ALT, AST, creatinine, uric acid, and lipid levels. They upregulated the antioxidative CAT, SOD1, GPx, and PFK1 gene expressions and restored the pancreas, liver, and kidney architectures. Multitarget interactions of C. chinense metabolites forcibly modulated the AKT1 and PIK3R1 proteins demonstrating the prospective functional food potential of C. chinense.