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Abstract This article explores the interplay between climate change, water theft, and water (in)security and proposes a three-node nexus conceptual framework for understanding the same. Water is essential for the proper functioning of human and natural systems. However, water scarcity that was limited to specific regions of the world in the past has today become a global crisis. The global water crisis is driven by climate change, water theft, overuse, wastage, pollution, poor governance, and population growth among other factors. This study relied on a close reading of existing scholarly literature to explore the interplay between climate change, water theft, and water (in)security. The study found that existing literature predominantly frames the interplay as a two-node nexus either between climate change and water (in)security or water theft and water (in)security. This article argues that a two-node nexus misses the interaction between climate change and water theft – a critical aspect that is crucial for a nuanced understanding of the interplay. The article proposes a three-node nexus conceptual framework for understanding the interplay. Finally, the article applies the ‘new’ framework to case studies of Kenya and Mexico and discusses insights for future policy and research.
Asaka et al. (Wed,) studied this question.