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Developers and vendors of large language models ("LLMs") - such as ChatGPT, Google Bard, and Microsoft's Bing at the forefront-can be subject to Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 ("HIPAA") when they process protected health information ("PHI") on behalf of the HIPAA covered entities. In doing so, they become business associates or subcontractors of a business associate under HIPAA.
Delaram Rezaeikhonakdar (Sun,) studied this question.