Assessment of the severity of diabetic polyneuropathy aids in predicting the risk of developing diabetic complications in patients with untreated diabetes

This study aimed to determine the efficacy of assessing the severity of diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) in patients with untreated diabetes. Seventy-two patients with untreated type 2 diabetes who were hospitalized for glycemic control were enrolled and divided into the following two groups: patients who had no prior diagnosis and patients who were unattended or had discontinued treatment. Electrophysiological criteria consistent with Baba’s classification were used to diagnose and assess the severity of DPN. The patients were divided into three subgroups: no DPN (stage 0), mild DPN (stage 1), and moderate or more-severe DPN (stages 2–4). Intergroup comparisons were performed for the clinical characteristics and the results of the nerve conduction studies. Twenty-two (30%), 25 (35%), and 25 (35%) patients were categorized into the no DPN, mild DPN, and moderate or more-severe DPN subgroups, respectively. The number of patients who were unattended or had discontinued treatment in the moderate or more-severe DPN subgroup was significantly higher than that in the no DPN subgroup. The patients in the moderate or more-severe DPN subgroup had an increased risk of developing diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy, with odds ratios of 19.5 and 11.0 for advanced stages of retinopathy and nephropathy, respectively. Thus, the assessment of the severity of DPN could aid in the prediction of the risk of developing diabetic complications in patients with untreated diabetes.