The Main Directions of Socialization Pupils of Children's Institutions Voronezh Region in the 1930s

Relevance. The readers are offered a plot dedicated to various aspects and directions of the socialization of orphanages in the 1930s. Socialization meant instilling work skills in pupils, training in the scope of secondary school, as well as their upbringing within the framework of the communist ideology that prevailed in the country at that time. Such a plot has not previously been in the field of view of historians, which is why it requires study and comprehensive analysis. The numerous archival materials used in the article is being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. Purpose – to study the experience of the joint work of the state and children's institutions for the subsequent integration of orphanages into Soviet society. Objectives. To identify and analyze the main directions of socialization of children in orphanages. Methodology. The research was based on the principles of objectivity, historicism and consistency, as well as general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis. Results. In the course of the conducted research, it was found out that it was possible to come to grips with the upbringing of state children only by the beginning of the 1930s. The chosen directions of socialization fit well into the historical context of the era. Instilling labor skills during vocational training was supposed to contribute to the demand for former orphanages at enterprises erected during industrialization, collective farms and state farms created during collectivization. Educational, extracurricular and cultural activities met the objectives of the cultural revolution and genuine communist education. Moreover, socialization was supposed to act as a subsequent social and professional elevator of the former orphanage resident. Conclusion. The efforts made by the state allowed some of the children deprived of parental care to get a start in life and take a worthy place in Soviet society.