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High-density surface electromyography (HD-sEMG) is a noninvasive technique that covers a limited skin area with HD-sEMG sensors to measure muscle electrical activity. Therefore, HD-sEMG sensors are crucial, especially in clinical settings, and at least three areas need further improvement. First, the complex electromagnetic environment in clinical practice can overwhelm the effective HD-sEMG. Second, the lack of adhesion between the electrode and the skin can lead to severe motion artifacts in HD-sEMG. Third, different individuals have different physiological structures, especially the mandible and neck, and a single design of HD-sEMG sensors cannot adapt to many individuals, affecting subsequent clinical promotion. For this reason, we use the gel doped with poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly (styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and MXenes mixed conductive materials that have electromagnetic shielding effect of improving the electromagnetic shielding effect of the HD-sEMG sensor, so that the effective HD-sEMG signal of the individual dry swallow is unmistakable. We added a viscous agent to prepare a super adhesive gel to meet the super viscosity between the small area electrode and the skin and eliminate motion artifacts. Then, we also designed the HD-sEMG sensor as a chip selectable and optional, making the entire set of HD-sEMG sensors more suitable for subsequent clinical promotion. Finally, we collected and analyzed the multiple coughing and swallowing patterns of patients with swallowing disorders, verifying the reliability of the HD-sEMG sensor. Therefore, the HD-sEMG sensor proposed in this article can contribute to developing precision medicine and rehabilitation fields.
Zhao et al. (Mon,) studied this question.