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This article explores cultural dynamics, integrative tensions, and collaborations between 3HO–Sikh Dharma and Punjabi Sikh communities in North America over the last fifty-years. Sikh Dharma's 1979 declaration as a 'Sovereign Khalsa Spiritual Nation' raises questions about Sikh spiritual and political sovereignty and its relationship to institutions of authority within transnational, diasporic, multicultural, and multigenerational contexts. This paper addresses communal experiences of trauma and contemporary human rights issues caused by abuses of power. It contemplates the role of the next generation in shaping Sikh futures, emphasizing productive possibilities of humility and shared sovereignties to bridge communal divides through affective empathy.
Nirinjan Kaur Khalsa-Baker (Thu,) studied this question.