Morphological, Cultural Characteristics of Post-Harvest Diseases in Onion and its Management through Bio-Agents

The onion (Allium cepa L.) is a biennial herb characterized by its bulbous structure, and it stands as one of the vital vegetable crops cultivated in India. Its origins can be traced back to the central Asian region. This underground bulbous vegetable crop is cultivated on a commercial scale due to its extensive adaptability and the significant potential for high production. Classified under the Amaryllidaceae family and Allium genus, the onion holds a pivotal role in the world of vegetables. The primary culprits responsible for onion bulb rot after harvesting were identified as Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae. It was determined that the media PDA, SDA, MEA, and YDA were conducive to the growth and sporulation of A. niger mycelium. Conversely, MEA, OM, PDA, and YDA were found to be favorable for the development and sporulation of A. flavus. Lastly, PDA, CDA, OMA, and RA culture media demonstrated suitability for promoting mycelial growth and sporulation of F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae.