Exploring the preference for bilateral aid: Gulf oil states’ aid to Yemen

This article delves into the significant role played by the five Arab Gulf oil states in global development and humanitarian aid efforts. It also acknowledges the criticism they face for their preference for bilateral and earmarked aid, with allegations of political motivations. Focusing on Yemen as a case study, the research explores the motivations and effectiveness of Gulf states' aid preferences. Using a qualitative approach from 30 semi-structured in-depth interviews and a comprehensive literature review, the study takes three distinct research directions, examining how Gulf donor countries strategically employ bilateral aid in conflict running, how they use bilateral aid to forge and strengthen geopolitical alliances within the region, and the complexities associated with multilateral aid channels in Yemen. In providing insights into the motivations and strategies of Gulf countries in their aid policies, this research contributes to discussions on aid delivery and maximising impact in conflict-affected areas.