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The maximum operating speed of trains can reach 400 km/h, the temperature of brake discs will rise rapidly during emergency braking and brings safety hazards. This paper focuses on a type of brake disc located under high-speed trains, and uses the fluid-solid-thermal coupling finite element simulation method to study the thermal distribution and heat dissipation of brake discs with multi-scale complex motion during full braking process of high-speed trains, as well as the impact of the brake disc on the surrounding air. Experiments are operated to confirm the accuracy of this simulation method. Different models with different heights of apron boards were simulated, there is a significant difference in the air temperature with or without apron boards. During braking process, the temperature of the brake disc reaches a maximum of 1137.62 K. The maximum temperature in the air domain can be over 600 K after braking. This paper conducts the fluid-solid-thermal coupling simulation on the brake disc model under high-speed trains, which is more practical compared to widely-used simulation methods with single brake disc model. It's very difficult to conduct experiments to obtain the temperature of the air under high-speed trains, and this study can provide references for the temperature distribution around brake discs.
Zheng et al. (Sun,) studied this question.