Historical Perspectives on Disability in Egypt: Attitudes and Policies

This research paper examines the historical perspectives on disability in Egypt from ancient times to the modern era. The study uses a comparative approach to explore the attitudes and policies towards individuals with disabilities in different historical eras, including ancient Egypt, ancient Rome and Greece, ancient civilizations in China, India, and Persia, through the Islamic era, and the colonial period under French and British occupation. To conduct this research, a multi-disciplinary methodology was employed, including a review of historical literature and primary sources, as well as an analysis of art, architecture, and cultural artefacts. The research sheds light on the evolution of attitudes towards disability in Egypt, including the role of religion, philosophy, and social norms in shaping perceptions of disability. The study also examines policies and initiatives aimed at supporting individuals with disabilities throughout history, such as philanthropic organizations, schools, and rehabilitation centres. The research findings have significant implications for contemporary policies and practices concerning individuals with disabilities in Egypt and other countries. Understanding the historical context of disability in Egypt can inform current efforts to promote inclusion, accessibility, and human rights for people with disabilities. Keywords: disability, Egypt, attitudes, policies, historical perspective, comparative approach