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Electronic voting systems face numerous challenges related to authentication, data privacy, integrity, transparency, and verifiability. Blockchain technology offers innovative solutions to address many of these issues. However, the scalability of Blockchain has emerged as a significant obstacle, especially in the context of electronic voting. This study aims to highlight scalable Blockchain-based electronic voting system solutions while also addressing associated challenges and anticipating future developments. We conducted a systematic literature review (SLR) and selected 76 English-language articles from well-known databases, spanning from January 1, 2017, to March 31, 2022. This SLR aimed to identify established proposals, their implementations, verification methods, cryptographic solutions explored in prior research, and their associated costs and time considerations. Additionally, it outlined performance parameters, primary advantages, and challenges of different systems, and common approaches for addressing Blockchain scalability. Furthermore, the study outlines various potential research directions for the development of scalable electronic voting systems based on Blockchain technology. By taking into account voting requirements and considering the pros and cons of proposed solutions, this research offers valuable insights and guidelines for future scalable voting solutions.
- et al. (Mon,) studied this question.