Design of reconfigurable Huygens metasurfaces based on Drude-like scatterers operating in the epsilon-negative regime

In this study, we investigate the feasibility of designing reconfigurable transmitting metasurfaces through the use of Drude-like scatterers with purely electric response. Theoretical and numerical analyses are provided to demonstrate that the response of spherical Drude-like scatterers can be tailored to achieve complete transmission, satisfying a generalized Kerker's condition at half of their plasma frequency. This phenomenon, which arises from the co-excitation of the electric dipole and the electric quadrupole within the scatterer, also exhibits moderate broadband performance. Subsequently, we present the application of these particles as meta-atoms in the design of reconfigurable multipolar Huygens metasurfaces, outlining the technical prerequisites for achieving effective beam-steering capabilities. Finally, we explore a plausible implementation of these low-loss Drude-like scatterers at microwave frequencies using plasma discharges. Our findings propose an alternative avenue for Huygens metasurface designs, distinct from established approaches relying on dipolar meta-atoms or on core-shell geometries. Unlike these conventional methods, our approach fosters seamless integration of reconfigurability strategies in beam-steering devices.