A cross-sectional study on level of participation of women in farm decision making processes: household approach in Mzimba north, Malawi.

Against the background of low women’s participation in farm decision making processes, Malawi’s agriculture sector adapted and up- scaled Household Approach, a gender transformative tool known for its impact in enhancing participation of women in farm decision making processes. In this study, participation in farm decision making is defined as the involvement of women, men and youth in decision making process in relation to visioning, planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation. The objective of this study was to determine level of participation of women under Household Approach in farm decision making processes. This was a cross- sectional study. Using a semi-structured interview, a quantification of the extent of participation of various gender categories in decision making in various areas was determined. Thirty- three households were purposively selected due to their participation in Household Approach. Analysis of women participation in decision making, was done by computing women’s decision score. Decision score for men and youth was also computed so that a comparison is made to women’s level of participation. Women took joint decisions in all farm decision making processes with a higher participation score in household visioning (0.91) compared to men (0.83) and youth (0.44). When it came to implementing production activities of an enterprise (maize) which is a major source of their livelihood determining fulfilment of their visions, there were significant variations among their participation score in decision making in relation to maize enterprise production (χ2 (2) = 40.282, p = 0.000) with a mean rank participation score of 25.00, 39.94 and 8.56 in men, women and youth, respectively. This implies that much as implementation of maize production activities are jointly done with men, women still do a greater part of maize production work. When it came to monitoring, women had a lower participation score (0.68) compared to men (0.81), but higher than the youth (0.33). The lower participation score in monitoring among women was due to multiple roles the women have. This study recommends that sharing of roles be encouraged among peer households. Key words: Level, Women, participation, Household Approach, Farm, Decision making, Pragmatic, Cross- sectional