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Agriculture in Africa is undergoing transformative shifts, driven by the need for sustainable food production, increased productivity, and resilience to challenges such as climate change. This paper explores the current state of agriculture extension models in Africa and their role in delivering technologies and innovations to target beneficiaries and other stakeholders in agricultural innovation systems. We delve into key challenges, promising approaches, and recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of extension services in the dynamic agricultural landscapes of Africa. The paper showcases innovative extension models by Sasakawa Africa Association that have made a significant impact. These include Farmer Learning Platforms (FLPs) model, Private and Extension Service Provision (PESP), The Agro-Processing Enterprise Center (APEC) Model, Community-Based Seed Multiplication (CBSM) model, private and extension service provision Model (PESP), and the community savings for investment in Agribusiness (CSIA) model. The Sasakawa Africa Fund for Education (SAFE) Demand Driven Curriculum (SDDC) model is also highlighted. These examples highlight the importance of context-specific approaches and the role of extension in empowering farmers to embrace sustainable and resilient agricultural practices. By addressing key challenges and leveraging opportunities, this paper aims to contribute to the sustainable development of agriculture in Africa. Key words: Agriculture extension models, Technology Adoption, participatory approaches, Innovation, Sustainable Development
Oluoch et al. (Sat,) studied this question.