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Hydrology is a data-limited science.Measurements are needed at a high spatial and temporal resolution to understand the spatial and temporal variation in water storage and fluxes across a catchment, but continuous measurements are generally limited to a few sites due to the high costs of the equipment, installation and maintenance.Citizen science projects have developed qualitative methods to obtain information on hydrological variables.Although these methods are less precise and accurate than traditional methods, they can also be used in research or student projects.We used the instrument-free qualitative approaches from a citizen science project (CrowdWater, 2023) to study the spatial and temporal variation in surface soil moisture and the flow conditions in a subcatchment of the Krycklan Catchment in northern Sweden during two summer seasons (May-October of 2018 and 2019).The animations of these qualitative (visual and tactile) data highlight their extraordinary information content and their usefulness to study the spatial and temporal variation in moisture conditions across a catchment.
Erdbrügger et al. (Mon,) studied this question.
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