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ORCA instrumentation and IFREMER, the French Ocean Agency, have designed a self-contained system, called TIVA, to transmit very large quantity of data, at a high rate, from the sea-bottom to a surface vessel.This powerful and flexible equipment has been successfully used during operational campains at-sea (TITANIC wreck survey, 4000 m deep ; Mediterraneen sea, 2600 m deep; Paci c Ocean, 2650 m deep...)Images (black and white, color) and data have actually been transmitted from a manned submarine, an autonomous fish and a self contained bottom station to the surface vessel, over an acoustic link, for scienti c and operational purposes.Color camera, new image compression algorithms have been implemented to increase the capabilities of the system.'l IVA is now available and can be adapted to user's speci cations (range, baud rate, type of data ...).
Ayela et al. (Mon,) studied this question.