Evaluation of the biomechanical behavior of implants with different macrogeometries in the neck region

The present study evaluated the biomechanical behavior, stress distribution, and bone microstrain in two neck implants in different through tridimensional finite element analysis.Thus, a three-dimensional (3D) structure was modeled to represent a section of the maxilla, containing cortical (1.0 mm thick) and cancellous bone tissue.Based on the therapeutic possibilities for the same clinical indication, two different systems were formed.The models were distributed in the respective study groups: C1 (control): Titanium Implant C1 (4.3 x 11.5 mm implant, Bone Level, MIS Implants Technologies Ltd., Bar-Lev Industrial Park, Israel) V3 (experimental): Titanium Implant V3 (4.3 x 11.5 mm implant, Bone Level, MIS Implants Technologies Ltd., Bar-Lev Industrial Park, Israel) titanium prosthetic abutments EZbase (4.8 x 6.0 x 1.0 mm, EZ-Base System, CPK Transgingival Abutments, MIS Implants Technologies Ltd., Bar-Lev Industrial Park, Israel) with a 6° conical design and internal friction fit were screwed to the implants.Each material was considered isotropic, elastic, and homogeneous.Therefore, all contacts were considered bonded, the cortical bone was fixed and an oblique load was applied (100 N; 30º).Microstrain and von-Mises stress (MPa) were selected as failure criteria.Comparable stress and strain values were shown in peri-implant bone for both implants.The maximum stress produced in the peri-implant region was mostly at the bone level.Under oblique loading, maximum von-Mises stress and equivalent strains were more noticeable in the implant neck.Under an axial load, tension and strain were transferred to the periimplant bone around the apex of the implant.The maximum tensile stresses that developed for either material was well below its fracture strength.Therefore, the highest stresses were mainly located in the distobuccal region of the neck for both implant materials in either loading condition.Additionally, long-term follow-up studies are necessary to evaluate the long-term success and stability of this implant design in a clinical setting.It is important to consider factors such as bone remodeling, implant survival rate, and patient satisfaction in future research studies to provide more comprehensive evidence of the effectiveness of this implant design.Overall, the results of this study suggest that the triangular implant design is a viable option for the rehabilitation of partially edentulous patients, but further research is needed to confirm these findings and establish the long-term benefits of this implant design.