Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
Key Points• In this population-based cohort study, the authors estimated exposure-response associations between chronic exposure to fine particulate matter 14 µg/m 3 ).• Overall, 22% of subjects had a composite CVD-related hospital admission.No safe threshold for chronic exposure to PM 2.5 was identified.The exposure-response curve showed a monotonic increase in risk associated with PM 2.5 .Compared with the lowest exposure interval ≤ 5 µg/m 3 World Health Organization (WHO) air quality guidelines, the RR of hospital admission was already raised for exposures between 5 and 6 µg/m 3 .The RR for exposures between 9 and 10 µg/m 3 , which included the US national average of 9.7 µg/m 3 during the study period, was 1.29 (95% CI, 1.28-1.30).On an absolute scale, the risk of hospitalization for composite CVD increased from 2.6% with exposures ≤ 5 µg/m 3 to 3.4% for exposures ranging between 9 and 10 µg/m 3 and then up to 4.7% for the highest levels of exposure (>14 µg/m 3 ).The effects persisted for at least 3 years after exposure to PM 2.5 .Age, education, accessibility to healthcare facilities, and the level of neighbourhood-related deprivation appeared to have an impact on susceptibility to PM 2.5 .
Liuzzo et al. (Mon,) studied this question.