Cytokine Release Syndrome in a Patient With Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treated With Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy, Who Had Previously Undergone Immunotherapy: A Case Report

Radiation therapy (RT) serves a crucial role in several aspects, ranging from curative intentions to alleviating symptoms associated with metastatic lesions. With the emergence of immunotherapy as an effective cancer treatment, patients increasingly receive RT before, during, or after immunotherapy administration, either in hope of achieving an immune synergistic effect or as an incidental combination.1 Despite its growing prevalence in routine clinical practice, the combination of RT with modern systemic drugs, such as immunotherapy, remains poorly understood due to limited safety data and a lack of comprehensive, high-level evidence to inform clinical management.