Home experiment as a means of enhancing pupils’ cognitive activity in studying the comprehensive school physics course

The modern personality-oriented education process, aimed at developing pupils morally and intellectually, is effectively implemented within the framework of problem-based learning. In the case of teaching the comprehensive school physics course, pupils’ enhanced cognitive activity should be organized considering the fundamental scientific method of physics – the experimental method. The research aims to justify the necessity of constructing didactic materials for conducting home experiments as an element of the practical implementation system of problem-based learning in the comprehensive school physics course. The scientific novelty of the research lies in proposing to elevate the status of the didactic technique of enhancing pupils’ cognitive activity, namely “home experimentation”, by incorporating relevant didactic material into the basic general education program of the subject “Physics” (basic level). As a result, changes were made to the basic general education program of the subject “Physics” (basic level), and its new version was published (Андрюшечкин С. М. Программа основного общего образования предмета «Физика» (базовый уровень). Изд-е 2-е, перераб. и доп. М., 2024).