Differences in the Gastrointestinal Microbiome between Patients with Type A aortic dissection and Patients with Primary Hypertension

Abstract Background: The gastrointestinal microbiome (GM) influences various bodily systems through bacterial translocation or metabolism. Previous research has linked GM dysbiosis to the development of conditions such as coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm, and other cardiovascular ailments. The pathogenesis of Type A Aortic Dissection (TAAD) is complex, and few studies have reported on the role of the GM in the pathogenesis of TAAD. Methods: To elucidate the involvement of the GM in TAAD pathogenesis, fecal samples were obtained from TAAD patients and individuals with Primary Hypertension (PH), serving as which composed the control group. Subsequently, the abundance and composition of the GM were evaluated via 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing. Results: The results revealed a notable difference in the GM structure between the TAAD group and the PH group. Additionally, LEfSe analysis revealed that Bacteroidetes dysbiosis contributed the most to GM dysbiosis in TAAD patients, suggesting that Bacteroidetes may play an important role in the pathogenesis of TAAD. Conclusions: Compared to patients with PH, patients with TAAD are significantly dysbiotic in gut microbiota composition, providing new mechanistic insights into the pathogenesis of TAAD.