Beampattern Synthesis and Optimization Method Based on Circular Frequency Diverse Array Engineering Model

The frequency diverse array (FDA) is capable of generating range-angle-dependent beampatterns by introducing a tiny frequency offset to the transmit carrier frequency of each array element. However, the beam-scanning potential of conventional linear FDA applications is limited, notably in their incapacity for 360° omnidirectional scanning. This paper introduces a method that leverages the geometric configuration of circular frequency diverse arrays (CFDAs) for synthesizing and optimizing beampatterns through a practical engineering approach. Initially, we compute the structural parameters and configurations of CFDA. Subsequently, the isophase plane is utilized to adjust the phase of each array element. Ultimately, the CFDA structure is used to optimize the non-uniform frequency offset, and the beampattern, which is capable of 360° omnidirectional scanning, is realized by low sidelobe optimization. Simulation results affirm that the CFDA antenna, as per the actual engineering model, possesses precise dot-shaped beampattern scanning abilities across both range and angle dimensions.