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Abstract The study presented here has established a cell suspension culture system for the in vitro production of the high value bioactive alkamide ‘spilanthol’ in Acmella ciliata. White, purple, friable callus procured from leaf explants in MS medium containing 0.5 mgl-1 BA and 1.0 mgl-1 NAA have succeeded in fourfold increase in cell mass after 25 days of culture upon 120 rpm agitation in a gyratory shaker and the presence of ‘spilanthol’ in the harvested cells was detected using HPLC coupled with HRMS. Here, high spilanthol content (239.512 µgg-1) was noticed in embryogenic callus cultures established in NAA-BA combination followed by in vitro plant (193.935 µgg-1) as well as cells harvested from suspension culture (173.702 µgg-1). In A. ciliata flower heads 102.730 µgg-1 spilanthol content was recorded, while the leaves and stem contained 96.69 and 61.146 µgg-1 spilanthol respectively. The least quantity of spilanthol was noticed in the in vivo plant (92.198 µgg-1) that was the absolute control. Thus quantification of spilanthol in the in vitro system revealed more amount of the same in it especially in embryogenic callus than in vivo plant (control). Elicitation was attempted using both biotic and abiotic elicitors to scale up the production of spilanthol in cell suspension culture system. Elicitation using biotic elicitors showed maximum 34.61-fold increase with Yeast extract (YE) in 24 hrs exposure; while the abiotic elicitor MeJA (Methyl jasmonate) treatment evoked the production of spilanthol to 41.02 fold in 72 hrs treatment. Comparatively more time of exposure was required in abiotic elicitation than with biotic elicitors. By considering the merit of perceiving maximum yield in short duration, treatment with YE for 24 hrs period can be suggested as the choice of elicitation for improved production of the alkamides particularly spilanthol in cell suspension cultures of A. ciliata. The established system can be extended for the bioproduction of the bioactive alkamide ‘spilanthol’ using bioreactor technology with suitable refinement thus benefiting the phyto-pharma needs.
NeethuMohan et al. (Tue,) studied this question.