Abstract PS14-07: Exploring Circulating Leukocyte RNA Expression: Implications for Treatment Outcomes and Immune-Related Adverse Events in Patients with Triple Negative Breast Cancer Enrolled in the GeparNuevo Trial

Abstract Abstract Exploring Circulating Leukocyte RNA Expression: Implications for Treatment Outcomes and Immune-Related Adverse Events in Patients with Triple Negative Breast Cancer Enrolled in the GeparNuevo Trial Background: Significant research has been conducted on the influence of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy on tumor microenvironment, particularly with regard to tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Nevertheless, our understanding of the circulating immune repertoire and its association with treatment outcomes remains limited. Consequently, our subproject of the GeparNuevo trial aimed to explore the RNA phenotype of circulating leukocytes and its impact on overall survival (OS), and adverse events of patients enrolled in the GeparNuevo trial (Loibl S et al. Annals Oncol 2022). Methods: The GeparNuevo phase II trial focused on the effects of neoadjuvant nab-paclitaxel followed by epirubicin/cyclophosphamide (nabP-EC) chemotherapy combined with the anti-PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitor durvalumab versus placebo in patients with non-metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. RNA-stabilizing PAXgene tubes were used to collect blood samples prior to treatment initiation. RNA was extracted from circulating leukocytes of 117 patients and analyzed using a custom NanoString nCounter CodeSet, including 290 immune-related target genes. The associations between 16 immune cell scores, 26 immune signaling scores, 31 individual gene expression patterns, OS, and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) were analyzed. Results: Univariate Cox regression analysis using continuous scores revealed a significant correlation between PIP3 activates AKT signaling, T cells, CDK2, and TIMP1 expression with OS in the placebo arm. Higher expression of PIP3 activates AKT signaling, T cells, and CDK2, as well as lower expression of TIMP1, were associated with prolonged survival. Notably, T cell scores and CDK2 expression exhibited a significant interaction with the treatment arm (p=0.0489 and 0.0210, respectively). Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated a significant association of DPP4, ICOS and MYC expression with OS. Additionally, CDK2, CDKN2A, F5 and HLA-DRA expression were linked to the presence of irAEs. In the durvalumab arm, TNFR2 non canonical NFkB pathway signaling, CDK2 and CDKN2A expression showed an inverse association with the occurrence of irAEs. Conclusions: Our study provides preliminary evidence that RNA derived from circulating leukocytes may serve as a potential biomarker for predicting treatment outcomes and identifying patients prone to develop side effects during standard-of-care chemotherapy or immune checkpoint therapy. These findings highlight the potential utility of peripheral immune cell RNA profiling in improving treatment strategies and patient management. Further research and validation are necessary to fully comprehend the clinical significance and broader implications of these findings. Citation Format: Hanna Hübner, Matthias Ruebner, Andreas Schneeweiss, Carsten Denkert, Hans-Peter Sinn, Michael Braun, Thomas Karn, Bruno V. Sinn, Dirk-Michael Zahm, Jörg Thomalla, Jens Huober, Claus Hanusch, Michael Untch, Christine Solbach, Theresa Link, Natalie Filmann, Julia Rey, Johannes Holtschmidt, Sibylle Loibl, Peter A. Fasching. Exploring Circulating Leukocyte RNA Expression: Implications for Treatment Outcomes and Immune-Related Adverse Events in Patients with Triple Negative Breast Cancer Enrolled in the GeparNuevo Trial abstract. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PS14-07.