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Solar stills are acknowledged as an environmentally friendly desalination method that addresses water scarcity issues in remote areas; however, they contend with a productivity challenge. This work presents a combination of novel arrangements for the spherical solar distiller (RBSD) to augment its productivity. Rotational sphere was anticipated. The influence of speed for RBSD (0, 0. 5, 1, 1. 5, and 2 rpm) with and without wick was tested. Also, the effect of utilizing a preheater to supply the RBSD with hot feed water under various preheating temperatures, specifically 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, and 70 °C with and without condenser was investigated. Results revealed that the optimized speed is 0. 5 rpm and 1 rpm for the RBSD with and without wick, respectively, where the productivity rise reached 62% and 45%, respectively. Also, the best preheating temperature that provided the highest performance for RBSD was 65 °C, where the CSD produced 3250 mL/m2. day, while, at 0. 5 rpm and 65 °C, the RBSD with a preheater produced 6200 mL/m2. day with an increase in productivity by 91%. When integrating the external condenser to RBSD with wick and preheater, the productivity of RBSD (6800 mL/m2. day) was augmented by 116% over that of the CSD (3150 mL/m2. day). Also, the thermal efficiency of CSD and RBSD with wick, preheater and condenser was 32% and 62%, respectively. Finally, the cost of distilled water for CSD, RBSD with wick, RBSD with wick and preheater, and RBSD with wick, preheater, and condenser was found to be 0. 220/L, 0. 075/L, 0. 055/L, and 0. 030/L, respectively.
Essa et al. (Sat,) studied this question.