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The US Environmental Protection Agency released four final regulations on April 25 that, when implemented, will limit air and water pollution from fossil fuel–based power plants. The regulations focus primarily on limiting carbon dioxide emissions from existing coal-fired and new natural gas–fueled power plants. But they will also reduce mercury emissions by some 70% and cut pollutants in wastewater emissions from coal power plants. To reach the new CO 2 emission levels, coal plant operators must turn to carbon capture and sequestration technologies. The EPA calls them proven and cost-effective controls that can be applied directly to power plants, but they have so far shown to be difficult to install. The regulations call for existing coal- and new gas-fired power plants to reduce CO 2 emissions by 90% by 2039 . By 2032, the two kinds of power plants must begin compliance efforts, or shut down, under a complex phasing
special to C EN Jeff Johnson (Mon,) studied this question.