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This paper presents a bi-level collaborative optimization model for multi-source load complementarity based on the coupling characteristics of various source-load equipment. The upper layer conducts global optimization with the objective of minimizing the annual net present value cost to determine the optimal planning scheme and capacity of the multi-source load complementarity system. The lower layer builds the optimal operation model of the multi-source load complementarity system with the objective of minimizing the cost of new energy consumption. The case study shows that the proposed planning model can increase the proportion of wind and solar power in the system and reduce the construction costs, demonstrating the effectiveness of our model and method.
Yu et al. (Mon,) studied this question.